![]() The Mw is calculated based on how big the area of a fault is that has ruptured. Various scales have been used including the Richter magnitude, also known as the local magnitude (ML) and moment magnitude (Mw). Over the years there have been several ways to measure the magnitude of an earthquake, with the development of various scales. This value was then converted to a logarithmic value. This was measured as the greatest amplitude of particular waves known as shear waves. One of the earliest measures of magnitude for earthquakes was developed by Richter in 1935 and was based on the maximum amplitude of waves seen on a seismograph reading. Magnitude is often measured as the greatest amount of movement that takes place or the largest amount of fault area that has moved. With earthquakes, there is a lot of movement that occurs. Magnitude is a measure of size that is often used in geology to describe the size of an earthquake and is also believed to be a measure of the amount of energy that is released when an earthquake takes place. Intensity is a way to measure how strongly the shaking is due to an earthquake. Thus speech of intensity 10 -12 watt per square centimetre has a sound level of b = 10 log 10 (10 -12/10 -16) = 40 decibels.Magnitude is a way to measure the size of a particular earthquake. If I 0 is taken as a reference standard intensity equal to 10 -16 watt per square centimetre, the intensity of the faintest sound that can be heard, then the intensity, or level, of any sound can be measured in decibels. It may be calculated from this equation that one decibel corresponds to a 26 percent change in intensity. Thus the equation for relative intensities b in decibels may be written b = 10 log 10 ( I/ I 0). The unit in general use is the decibel (abbreviated db), equal to 0.1 bel. Accordingly, the relative intensities of two sounds in bels is equal to the logarithm of the intensity ratio- i.e., if I is the intensity of one sound and I 0 is that of another, then the intensity ratio B in bels is B = log 10 ( I/ I 0). When this ratio is 10, the difference in intensity of the sounds is said to be one bel, a unit named in honour of the United States inventor Alexander Graham Bell. The intensity of one sound can be compared to that of another of the same frequency by taking the ratio of their powers. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions. ![]()
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